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Mixing power limited and non power limited conductors requires:
Separation or barriers per code and equipment listing
Definition: Maintain separation or listed barriers to prevent higher voltages compromising low voltage insulation. Reference: "NEC" 70 (2020) Article 760; "NFPA" 72 (2022).
Power for the fire alarm control unit should be on a branch that is:
Dedicated, identified, and lockable in the ON position
Definition: A dedicated, identified branch reduces accidental shutoff. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Fundamentals; coordination with "NEC".
Notification Appliance Circuit voltage drop verification should confirm:
Worst case device meets minimum voltage at the end of line
Definition: Check the end of line under worst case to avoid dim/unsynced appliances. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Design Practices.
A single robust off premises path (e.g., cellular) should:
Detect/report a failure within a short window (often minutes)
Definition: Enhanced single paths require rapid fault detection; dual paths provide diversity. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Chapter 26.
Ground faults on fire alarm wiring must be:
Indicated promptly and located for repair
Definition: Indicate grounds so they can be repaired; grounds can mask other faults. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Circuits and Pathways.
Class A versus Class B initiating circuits differ because Class A:
Has a return path so one open does not isolate devices
Definition: Class A has an alternate path; Class B does not. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Pathways.
Class N applies to:
Network "IP" pathways for fire alarm traffic with supervision
Definition: Class N covers supervised Ethernet based transport. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Pathways.
Color coding of fire alarm conductors is:
Not mandated by color but identification at terminations is required by practice/code
Definition: Identify fire alarm circuits; red is customary but the key is clear identification at terminations and junctions. Reference: "NEC" 70 (2020) Article 760 identification.
Which device state should report supervisory rather than general alarm?
Closed sprinkler control valve (tamper)
Definition: Off normal conditions like closed valves are supervisory, prompting correction before an event. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Supervisory Signals.
What is alarm verification feature (AVF) used for on some smoke detectors/systems?
Reduce nuisance by re checking a signal before latching alarm
Definition: AVF temporarily delays to confirm smoke conditions and reduce nuisance alarms (not for heat/manual). Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Initiating Devices.
During an impairment that disables protection, the responsible party should:
Implement a fire watch per policy and notify stakeholders
Definition: Use documented fire watch and notifications during impairments. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) "ITM"/Impairments.
Battery replacement should be:
Per listing/type and capacity; mark install date
Definition: Use listed batteries of correct amp hour and date mark for maintenance. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Power Supplies/"ITM".
At acceptance, how much of the system must be tested?
100 percent of devices and functions
Definition: Acceptance is 100 percent device and function testing. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Chapter 14.
Speaker circuits for voice/alarm communication systems are typically:
Required Class A or with survivability measures per design
Definition: Provide survivability via Class A or other measures to keep messaging during faults. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Chapter 24 ("EVACS").
Mass notification or non emergency strobes operating with fire strobes should:
Be controlled so fire alarm cues take precedence
Definition: Fire alarm signals have priority; non similar signals should not mask them. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Chapter 18 priorities.
A trouble indication must annunciate at the panel within approximately:
200 seconds
Definition: Code limits exist for indicating troubles; about 200 seconds is typical for certain faults. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Fundamentals.
What is the best practice location for remote annunciators?
Near main entrances or fire command locations
Definition: Place where first responders arrive to speed size up. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Annunciation practice.
What should be documented for "NAC" calculations?
Full device counts, wire sizes, lengths, and math for voltage drop and battery sizing
Definition: Provide full calculations and assumptions in submittals and acceptance docs. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Documentation.
Which code determines when a new occupancy must have a fire alarm system?
"IBC" (Section 907)
Definition: The building code triggers the requirement; "NFPA" 72 governs design/installation of the system once required. Reference: "IBC" (2021) §907.
Areas with very high ambient noise (over about 105 "dBA") require:
Rely on visual notification (strobes) and other means; audibility may be ineffective
Definition: Above extreme ambient levels, visible notification is primary and voice may be needed. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Notification.
Voice/alarm communication systems must be intelligible in:
Acoustically distinguishable spaces ("ADS") as required
Definition: Provide intelligibility where required; measure "STI" or "CIS" as applicable. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Chapter 24.
Where an occupancy relies on manual boxes, what is a common exception to placing a box at every exit?
If fully sprinklered and the fire alarm is automatically activated, some locations may be omitted by code
Definition: Model codes permit reduced pull station count in fully sprinklered buildings with automatic detection/activation, subject to "AHJ" approval. Reference: "IBC" (2021) §907; "NFPA" 72 (2022).
Carbon monoxide life safety signaling pattern differs from fire by using:
Temporal 4 distinct pattern and labeling
Definition: Carbon monoxide uses aT 4 pattern distinct from fire’sT 3 for clear occupant action. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Notification; combination systems.
For dormitories/apartments (Group R), low frequency 520 hertz appliances are required in sleeping rooms primarily due to:
Improved awakening effectiveness for sleeping adults
Definition: Research shows 520 hertz signals wake sleepers more effectively. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Notification; "IBC"/ "NFPA" 101 occupancies.
Which of the following typically requires monitoring by the fire alarm system?
Closed sprinkler control valve position
Definition: Supervise sprinkler valves to catch impairments; signal is supervisory. Reference: "NFPA" 72 (2022) Supervisory signals; "NFPA" 13/ "IBC" integration.